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本帖最后由 ngsunyu 于 2022-1-23 00:32 编辑
下星期開始介紹 拿破崙雙角帽 (法語:Bicorne de Napoléon Ier)
雙角帽(Bicorne),1789年的法國大革命後取代三角帽成為流行樣式,廣泛被歐洲的海、陸軍所採用,在許多拿破崙的肖像畫中也可以看到身著戎裝、頭戴雙角帽的拿破崙。隨著拿破崙襲捲歐陸,此形象也深植人心,因此雙角帽也被稱為「拿破崙帽」。(zh.wikipedia.org/雙角帽)
拿破仑戴过的一顶帽子在巴黎附近拍卖。一位韩国人以190万欧元(240万美元,150万英镑)高价将其买走。有两个突出尖角的双角帽因为拿破仑而闻名,拿破仑死后留下大约19顶。(BBC.com)
For most people, Napoleon and his hat are one. No symbol ever so completely represented a historical character. Fully conscious of the force of this symbolism, Bonaparte made it part of his image early on in the Consulate. He chose two military uniforms, one of the Grenadiers à pied and the other of the Chasseurs à cheval of the Garde, but the way he wore his hat was entirely his own. Whilst most of his officers wore their hats “en colonne”, that is, perpendicular to the shoulders, Napoleon wore his “en bataille”, that is, with the corns parallel to shoulders. His simple and sober outfit contrasted strongly with the officers around him, glorious in their plumed hats. It meant that he was immediately recognisable amongst his troops on the battlefield.
One of the oldest known hats is that worn by the First Consul at the Battle of Marengo and today held at the Musée de l’Armée. Up to the end of the Empire, the forms and dimensions varied a little, but the general aspect remained the same. As did his hatmaker. Indeed, so much so that Rostand’s Metternich sees irony in it: “In fact the legend comes from a hatmaker/ The real Napoleon, in the end… is Poupard!”. Poupard’s shop, with its sign, “Temple du goût” (Temple of Taste), was situated in the Palais du Tribunat (Palais-Royal), in the gallery on the side next to Rue de la Loi, at n°32. In 1808, the company became ‘Poupard et Cie’, and then in 1811, ‘Poupard et Delaunay’. Every year, he delivered four ‘French’ hats, in black ‘beaver’, decorated simply with a tricoleur cocarde slipped into a silk sheath with a button.
Napoleon always had with him a set of twelve hats. Only four were taken to St Helena. The one presented here is one of those. On the Emperor’s death, one of them was placed in his coffin. Napoleon and his “little hat” rest together for eternity. (Napoleon.org) |
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