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本帖最后由 ngsunyu 于 2020-2-25 00:54 编辑
文森·威廉·梵高(荷蘭語:Vincent Willem van Gogh) 一生中,创作了約35幅自画像。梵高很可能是通过看镜子中的像画自己的,即画像中的右脸实际是他的左脸。(zh.wikipedia.org/梵高自画像列表)
今年十月,我们游览了荷兰,比利时。 我们去第二个城市是阿姆斯特丹。我们住的酒店 (Hotel Fita) 位于梵高博物馆(荷蘭語:van Gogh Museum) 步行距离只有2分钟。该馆藏梵高作品数量是世界上最多的。35幅梵高自画像其中有十七幅藏于梵高博物馆。
這幅1889 年 梵高的 《包紮耳朵自画像》(荷蘭語:zelfportret met verbonden oor, F527) 通常展于倫敦 Courtauld Institute Galleries (外借梵高博物館直到9月)。
1887年11月,梵高與剛到巴黎的高更結識。18 8 8年2月,在繪製了200多幅有關巴黎的作品後,梵高厭倦了巴黎的生活,離開了巴黎,前往法国南部的阿尔勒(法语:Arles 、或译亚尔、阿尔)旅居,有可能是打算將這裡當成藝術家园地。高更於1888年10月23日去了阿尔勒拜访梵高,11月搬到黃房子裏。但是二人的關係卻逐漸惡化,梵高景仰高更,希望高更能平等地看待他,但高更生性自大,二人因而多次吵架。這最終導致梵高在12月23日割掉了自己的左耳。割耳事件的具體經過已經無法考證,高更在十五年後回憶起梵高時也只是語焉不詳地說那天晚上充滿了肢體暴力。梵高挥刀割掉自己的左耳(一部分或者全部,不同來源說法不一)。他自己包扎了一下傷口,把割下来的耳朵打包送给了他和高更都认识的一个当地妓女。第二天梵高被警察送往医院,实习医生菲力克斯·雷(Félix Rey)帮他重新处理了伤口,但并未把耳朵縫回去。
由于精神问题,梵高本人也不记得事情经过。随后高更马上离开了阿尔勒。虽然1890年梵高还曾提议要和高更一起在安特卫普建一个画室,但實際二人再未见面。1889年1月7日梵高康复,返回了黄房子,随后的几个月中仍然需要不时前往医院检查精神问题。3月,在30名镇民联署之下,警察强行将梵高安置于医院中接受治疗。4月他搬到菲力克斯医生家。又过了两个月梵高终于离开阿尔勒,自愿住进了羅訥河口省聖雷米的精神病院。(zh.wikipedia.org/文森特·梵高)
Van Gogh moved from Paris to Arles in hopes of creating a community for artists to exist in mutual supportiveness and encouragement. He invited Paul Gauguin, an artist whom he had befriended in Paris, to come stay with him. They proved to be a disagreeable pair and quarreled often, sometimes violently. The evening of December 23, 1888 during one of their arguments, Van Gogh had a seizure during which he threatened Gauguin with a razor, but then injured himself, severing part of his left ear. In a state of excitement, he then brought the dismembered lobe to the Maison de Tolérance bordello where he presented it to a prostitute named Rachel. When Gauguin returned the following morning he discovered that the police had arrived at the house, and blood was splattered in every room. Van Gogh had severed an artery in his neck, and was in grave health after losing so much blood. He was removed to the hospital, and he confessed to having no recollection of what happened during this fit. Throughout his life, Van Gogh continued to suffer from similar fits, sometimes characterized by acute paranoia.
In this self-portrait, Van Gogh is shown wearing a blue cap with black fur and a green overcoat, with a bandage covering his ear and extending under his chin. He is in a traditional three-quarter view, and his forward gaze falls slightly to the right, out of the frame. Behind him is an open window, assumedly letting in a winter breeze, a canvas on an easel, with a few indistinguishable marks, as well as a Japanese woodblock print. This woodblock print has been identified as a Geishas in a Landscape published by Sato Tokyo in the 1870s. This shows an important influence of Japonism and wood block print on Van Gogh's work, which also appear in the background of other portraits he had created. The painting is composed of impasto strokes, mostly in a vertical pattern. This creates a texture, which comes up off the canvas and adds dimension to the flat surface. The skin tone is muted with green and yellowish tones. The bandage covering Van Gogh's ear in this painting alludes to his most famous conflict. Van Gogh used a mirror for his self-portraits which is why some mistakenly think that he lost part of his right ear instead of his left. (en.wikipedia.org/Self-Portrait with Bandaged Ear) |
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